Oil temperature regulator



'Aug. 12, 1941.

H. P.- FESENMAIER OIL TEMPERATURE REGULATOR Filed- Dec. 12, 19:8 2Sheets- Sh'e'Fi 12, 1941- H. .P. FESENMAIER 2,252,254

OIL TEMPERATURE REGULATOR Filed Dec. 12, 1938 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 PatentedAug. 12, 1941 UNITED STATE S PAT T OFFICE 6 Claims.

countered, has been pretty well overcome. The

major difiiculty has been to warm the oil properly in cold weather toprovide proper lubrication, eliminate gasoline dilution, watercondensation and other impurities present in crankcase oil as the resultof low temperatures.

The object of this invention is to provide a simple and highly efiicientmeans for rapidly warming the oil delivered to the many parts of anengine, and to bring the temperature of the oil in the crankcase chamberup to a point where moisture and gasoline in the oil are rapidlyeliminated by means of the crankcase ventilating system now formed as astandard part of the engine.

To the above end, generally stated, the invention consists of the novelconstruction and arrangement of parts hereinafter described and definedin the claims.

In the accompanying drawings which illustrate the invention, likecharacters indicate like parts throughout the several views.

Referring to the drawings:

Fig. 1 is a fragmentary view of an internal combustion engine having onetype of the invention embodied therein;

Fig. 2 is a fragmentary view partly in elevation and partly in sectiontaken substantially on the line 22 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a detail View principally in section taken on the line 3-3 ofFig. 1 on an enlarged scale;

Fig. 4 is a detail view principally in elevation with some parts removedand other parts sectioned on the line 44 of Fig. 3; I

Fig. 5 is a detail view principally in section taken on the line 55 ofFig. 1 on an enlarged scale;

Fig. 6 is a view principally in front elevation showing a modificationof the invention; and

Fig. 7 is a fragmentary view partly in front elevation and partly insection showing another modification of the invention.

Referring first to the invention as shown in Figs. 1 to 5 inclusive.

For the purpose of showing an installation of one type of the invention,there is fragmentarily illustrated in the drawings, an internalcombustion engine, and of the parts thereof it is important to note, thecylinder block 8, the crankcase 9 and its chamber H), which holds a bodyof oil for the oiling system of the engine; the exhaust manifold II, andthe exhaust pipe l2.

Of the parts of the oiling system of the engine, as shown, it isimportant to note the gear pump l3, the pump casing [4 having an oilintake port l5 and an oil discharge port IS, the oil conduits ll leadingfrom the oil filter [8 in the bottom of the crankcase chamber ID to theoil intake port I5, the conduits I9 leading from the discharge port IE,on the pressure side of the pump l3, to the moving parts of the engineto which oil is supplied by said pump. This oiling system furtherincludes an oil cleaner 20.

Oil, after having passed through the several parts of the oiling systemof the engine, will be precipitated into the crankcase chamber Ill.

After oil has passed through the oil cleaner 20, it is returned to thecrankcase chamber I 0 through conduits 22 and 23, the latter of which isin the crankcase 9. The delivery of the oil to the oil cleaner 2|! willhereinafter be described.

It will be noted that the pump casing I4 is mounted on the outside ofthe engine block 8 under the exhaust manifold ll. Thepump I3 is drivenby gears 24 from the timing shaft 25.

The crankcase chamber l0 that holds a body of oil, of course forms apart of the oiling system and the term oil cleaner is herein used in abroad sense to cover an oil filter, or an oil refiner or the like.

The term, pressure side of the pump, Will hereinafter be used in a broadsense to cover the oil pressure in the system or oil line from the pumpI3 to a point where theoil is being used to lubricate the moving partsof the engine.

Referring now in detail to the invention, as shown in Figs. 1 to 5inclusive, the numeral 26 indicates an oil heater or heat exchanger,constructed and arranged to be heated by the passage of exhaust gasesfrom the engine. This heat exchanger 26, as shown, is in the form of asegmental shell that is fitted around the exhaust pipe l2 and is rigidlybut detachably secured thereto by a pair of U bolts 21 that extendthrough apertured lugs on said shell. Said heat exchanger 26 has a loweroil intake port 28, an'intermediate oil discharge port 29, and an upperoil discharge port 30.

Oil is circulated through the heat exchanger 26 from the pressure sideof the pump I3 and returned to said pump on the intake side thereof bythe following connections, to wit; in place of the standard cover forthe pump casing I4, I substitute therefor, a novel cover 3| that isremovably secured to said casing by the same screws used in connectionwith the standard cover. The cover 3| is provided with an intake port32, that is in communication with the port I6 on the pressure side ofthe pump l3, and a discharge port 33 that is in communication with theport I5 on the intake side of said pump.

Integral with the cover 3| is an upwardly inclined valve casing 34having an axial passageway 35, the upper end of which is open and thelower end of which is closed. The port 33 has communication with apassageway 35, and below said port is a diametrically opposite oilintake port 36. A cylindrical relief valve 31 isslidably moimted in thepassageway 35 and a coiled spring38 compressed between said valve and ascrew plug 39 that closes the upper end of said passageway, yieldinglyholds the valve 37 projected into a position in which it normally closesthe port 33. A stop pin 4!! limits the projecting movement of the valve31 and prevents the same from closing the port 36.

, A pipe 4|, attached at one end, to the cover 3| and atitsother end tothe heat exchanger 26, connects the port 32, in said cover, to the port28 in said heat exchanger. One end of a pipe 42 is attached to the heatexchanger 26 and its otherend is attached to the valve casing 34 andconnects the intermediate port 29 in said heat exchanger 26 to the port36 in said valve casing.

A pipe 43, one end of which is attached to the heat exchanger 26, andthe other end of which is attached to the oil cleaner 20, connects theupper discharge port 30 in said heat exchanger 26 to the intake of theoil cleaner 20.

From the above description it is evident that part of the oil forcedthrough the pump I3 to its pressure side will enter the port 32 and beconveyed to the heat exchanger 26 through the pipe 4| and the port 28where the same will be heated by the exhaust gases passing through theexhaust pipe l2. Heated oil, in the top of the heat exchanger 26 will bedelivered into the oil cleaner 20 through the port 30 and the pipe 43,and after passing through said cleaner, is returned to the crankcasechamber I through the conduits 22 and 23 where the same will also raisethe temperature of the oil in said chamber by contact therewith.Obviously, heated oil from the heat exchanger 26 will increase theefficiency of the oil cleaner 26.

After the oil pressure in the heat exchanger 26 has been built upsufficiently to overcome the tension of the spring 3'! the valve 33,normally held closed by said spring, will open and permit a flow ofheated oil from the heat exchanger 26 through the port 29, the pipe 42,the ports 36 and 33, and into the port I5. Heated oil from the heatexchanger 26 delivered into the port l will commingle with the oil drawnfrom the crankcase chamber III by the pump l3 and thereby raise thetemperature thereof. Oil from the port I5, after having been forcedthrough the pump I3, will be divided and part thereof will be forcedthrough the standard oiling system to the moving parts of the engine tolubricate the same and part thereof will enter the port 32 and beconveyed to the heat exchanger 26 where the temperature thereof willagain be raised.

Oil in the passageway 35 escapes into the port 33 during the opening ofthe valve 31 through a leakage passageway 44.

When the relief valve 31 is closed, oil will always circulate throughthe heat exchanger 26 to the oil cleaner 26 and thereby prevent the oilin said heat exchanger from getting too hot.

In place of connecting the pipe 43 directly to the heat exchanger 26, asshown, the port 3|) may be dispensed with and the intake end of saidpipe connected to the pipe 42, as a branch thereof, at any point betweensaid heat exchanger and the relief port 31.

When the above described devices are embodied in an engine, thecustomary relief valve in the oiling system may be dispensed with.

From the above description it is evident that part of the oil from theheat exchanger 26, will be returned to the intake side of the pump I3and part thereof will be delivered to the oil cleaner 26.

It will of course be understood that in some instances I the connectionsfrom the heat exchanger 26, to the oil cleaner 20 may be dispensed withand oil delivered thereto from the standard oiling system of the engine,or in case the engine is not provided with an oil cleaner, a by-pass forthe oil from the heat exchanger 26 to the oiling system will beprovided, as indicated by broken lines in Fig. 5, and designated by theletter X.

From the above description it is further evident that oil heated by theheat exchanger 26,

raises the temperature of the oil in the circulating system at twodifierent points, the one in the pump casing I4 and the other in the oilcleaner 26.

Referring now to the invention as shown in Fig. 6: In place of the heatexchanger 26, and the pipes 4| and 42, a single pipe 45, having anintermediate coil 46, is substituted therefor, and through which pipeoil is circulated or bypassed from the pressure side of the pump I3 tothe intake side thereof. The diameter of the coil 46 is such as toencircle the exhaust pipe I2 indicated by broken lines. This embodimentof the invention serves two important functions to Wit; when thetemperature of the oil in the crankcase chamber I0 is such that the sameshould be raised to provide proper lubrication to the engine, the coil46 is placed around the exhaust pipe I2 as shown by the broken line. Onthe other hand, in hot weather, when the temperature of the oil is toohot, the same may be cooled by removing the coil 46 from the exhaustpipe I2 and allowing air to freely circulate around the pipe 45 and itscoil 46 thereby reducing the temperature of the oil.

This embodiment of the invention is extremely simple and the entire unitis carried by the cover 3|.

Referring now to the invention as shown in Fig, '7, dual heat exchangers41 and 48 are employed in place of the single heat exchanger 26 shown inFigs. 1 and 2.

Each of these heat exchangers 41 and 48 is substantially a duplicate ofthe heat exchanger 26. The heat exchanger 41 has a lower intake port 49and an upper discharge port 50 and the heat exchanger 46 has an upperintake port 5| and a lower discharge port 52.

In place of connecting one of the heat exchangers 4'5 and 43 to thecover 3| for the pump casing M the intake port 49 of the heat exchanger41 is connected by a pipe 53 to a pipe 54 on the pressure side of thepump and this pipe 54 corresponds to the pipe l9 in the oil circulatingsystem shown in Fig. l. A pipe 55 connects the port 50 in the heatexchanger 41 to th intake of an oil cleaner B which correspond to thecleaner 2!].

All of the oil discharged from the cleaner 56 through the intake port 5|is carried to the heat exchanger 48 by a pipe 51. Oil from the heatexchanger 48 is returned to the crankcase chamber l0 through the port 52and a pipe 58 one end of which is attached to the heat exchanger 48 andthe other end of which is attached to the crankcase 9.

The oil intake pipe 53 leading from the pipe 54, in the oiling system,to the heat exchanger 41 is, as shown, provided at its intake end with arestricted passageway 59 that only allows a certain amount of the oil topass through this bypassing system. It is of course understood that therestricted passageway 59 may be placed in the oil cleaner or any otherconvenient place.

From the above description, relative to the several embodiments of theinvention illustrated, it is evident that the invention is capable ofvarious modifications as to construction and arrangement of parts.

What I claim is:

l. The combination with an internal combustion engine having a pump andan oil cleaner in its oiling system, of a heat exchanger constructed andarranged to be heated by the exhaust gases from said engine, said heatexchanger having an oil intake leading from said system on th pressureside of the pump and also having two outlets, one of which is arrangedto discharge into said system other than its oil cleaner and the otherof which is arranged to discharge into said cleaner, and a relief Valvein the first noted outlet normally closing the same and arranged to openunder a predetermined pressure of oil from the pump.

2. The combination with an internal combustion engine having a pump andan oil cleaner in its oiling system, of a heat exchanger constructed andarranged to be heated by the exhaust gases from said engine, said heatexchanger having an oil intake leading from said system on the pressureside of the pump and also having two outlets, one of which is, arrangedto discharge into said system between its oil cleaner and the intakeside of the pump, and the other of which is arranged to discharge intosaid oil cleaner, and a relief valve in the first noted outlet normallyclosing the same and arranged to open under a predetermined pressure ofoil from the pump.

3. The combination with an internal combustion engine having a pump andan oil cleaner in its oiling system, of a heat exchanger constructed andarranged to be heated by the exhaust gases from said engine, said heatexchanger having an oil intake leading from the pressure side of thepump and also having an oil outlet leading back to said system, a reliefvalve in the outlet from th heat exchanger and normally closing thesame, said valve being set to open under a predetermined pressure of oilfrom the pump, and an oil conduit leading from the heat exchanger on theintake side of the relief valve to the oil cleaner.

4. A displaceable cover for the casing of a pump in the oiling system ofan internal combustion engine, an oil discharge port in said coverleading from the pressure side of the pump and having means forconnecting said port to the oil intake of a heat exchanger, a valvecasing on the cover having an intake port arranged to discharge into thepump on its intake side, said valve casing also having means forconnecting the same to an oil discharge leading from the heat exchanger,and a relief valve in said casing, normally closing said intake port andset to open under a predetermined pressure of oil from the said pump.

5. The combination with an internal combustion engine having a pump andan oil cleaner in its oiling system, of means including a heat exchangerfor by-passing oil from the pressure side of the pump to the intak sidethereof, a relief valve in said by-passing means normally closing thesame and set to open under a predetermined pressure of oil from thepump, and an outlet leading from the heat-exchanger t0 the oil cleaner,said by-passing means being closed except for the outlet leading fromthe heat exchanger.

6. The structure defined in claim 5 in which the relief valve is betweenthe heat exchanger and the intake side of the pump.

HUGO P. FESENMAIER.

